Prepositions
Prepositions tell the position/relation of something
in regard to something else (when put together).
Kinds of Preposition according to their arrangement
1. Simple
Prepositions – on, at, in, for, to, with, by, of, out, off, from, till, up
2. Compound
Prepositions – upon, into, within, without, onto, between, among, amongst, about,
inside, outside, beside, behind, below, beneath, underneath, before, after, above, over,
beyond, amidst
3. Phrase
Prepositions – according to, in accordance with, by dint of, in lieu of, on
account of, because of, by means of, due to, instead of, in case of, in spite
of, in front of, by virtue of, in addition to, owing to, for the sake of, with
regard to
Types
of Prepositions on the basis of Functions
Preposition
of Place
1. In –
The child is sleeping in the room. (bigger places/area in the context)
On – The duster is kept
on the table. (less space, direct contact)
At – Mahatma Gandhi was born
at Porbandar in Gujarat. (least or minimum space as compared to ‘in’)
2. On –
My books are kept on the table. (at rest)
Upon – The cat jumped
upon the table. (in motion)
3. In –
My toys are kept in the cupboard. (at rest)
Into – He dived into
the swimming pool. (in motion)
4. To –
He ran to school. (in motion)
At –
He stands at the top of building. (at rest)
5. Between
– She was sitting between Sona and Mona. (two people/things)
Among – The chocolates
were distributed among the children on Christmas. (more than two/many)
6. Over – The aeroplane is flying over my
house. (less high, in motion, limited space, numbers)
Above – The blue sky
spreads above. (higher than over, stationary, not specific space, on the top of)
7. Over –
Over 10 thousand people attended the rally. (numbers)
Above – The students performed above our expectations.
(in any reference of scale/level)
8. Under – The traveller rests under the
tree. (motion/less/specific, lesser space/ distance)
Below – The precious
gems are hidden below the sea. (far lower, wider/unlimited space)
9. Along – The tired traveller was walking
along the road. (with/beside something)
Across – The child swam
across the river in 40 minutes. (from one side to other)
10. Beside
– The thief was sitting beside me. (by the side of)
Besides – My father
gave me a bicycle besides a watch. (additionally)
Preposition
of Time
1. In – I
was born in 1991. (larger/unlimited span of time, month, year, century, age)
On – Teacher’s Day is
celebrated on 5 September. (Lesser span of time, day, date)
At – You reached there
at 6:30 p.m. (very specific, time)
2. Since – I have been living in Delhi since
2009. (in context of starting point of time)
For – I have been
living in Delhi for 10 years. (total duration of work)
3.
Since – I haven’t eaten anything
since yesterday. (point of time in perfect tense)
From – I will join work
from tomorrow. (point of time in non-perfect tense)
4. Till –
Wait here for me till I come. (within the time)
Until – Do not go until
my arrival. (at the end of time)
5. By –
My father will be back by nine. (by the end of time)
Within – She has to mop
this place within an hour. (before the end of time)
6. In – I
will come back in an hour. (at the end of time)
Within
– You have to reach there within 10 minutes. (before the end of time)
Preposition
of Agent/Instrument
1. With – Julius Caesar was stabbed with the daggers.
(use of instrument/weapon/tool)
By – Julius Caesar was assassinated by the
conspirators. (hand of agent/person)
2. With – He is angry with you. (person)
At – He is angry at your behaviour. (something)
Preposition
of Manner
With – The soldiers fought with courage. (attribute)
By – He is recognised by his way of talking.
(manner)
Preposition
of Reason/Purpose
1. Of – Many children died of hunger in Somalia.
(reason)
For – They sacrificed their every thing for their
nation. (purpose)
2. From – I am suffering from Malaria. (disease)
With – He was shivering with fever. (reason)
3. To – My father gifted a pretty watch to me. (direct
action)
For – My father bought a watch for me (reason/purpose)
Preposition
of Contrast/Concession
In spite of – In spite of all his efforts he failed.
(contrast)
With – With all his faults I love him. (concession)
Prepositions
of Direction
To - I am going to school. (destination)
Towards - Tiger is coming towards us. (going in same
direction)
Through - We are passing through the forest. (crossing the
medium)
From - My mother will be coming from the office. (departing point / source)
From - My mother will be coming from the office. (departing point / source)
Fixed
Prepositions with certain nouns and verbs
Agree to – something / idea / statement
Agree with – person
Agree at - some point / this
Agree at - some point / this
Die for – someone / something / some cause
Die of – disease, reason
Die in (harness) - working
Die in (harness) - working
Extent to – limit
Speed at – specific speed
Speed with – general speed
Abide by - rules
Time by – watch
Born of – parents
Born in - place
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