Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense

 

TENSES

The word ‘tense’ is derived from Latin word ‘tempus’ and it means time. Basically tense conveys the time of action.

Tenses are mainly divided into parts – Present, Past and Future. They are further subdivided into three categories – Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous.

 

PRESENT TENSE	PAST TENSE	FUTURE TENSE
PRESENT INDEFINITE	PAST INDEFINITE	FUTURE INDEFINITE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS	PAST CONTINUOUS	FUTURE CONTINUOUS
PRESENT PERFECT	PAST PERFECT	FUTURE PERFECT
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS	PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS	FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

 

FUTURE TENSE AT A GLANCE

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

 

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE is generally used to describe actions that will be completed by certain time in future or the time (future) we talk about.

 

Usage of Future Perfect Tense

 

1. The Future Perfect tense is used to indicate completion of action by certain time in future -

e.g. I shall have completed my project by coming Monday. (completion of work by certain time in future)

 

2. The Future Perfect tense is used to indicate completion of action before another action in future -

e.g. The old goods will have been sold before the new stock arrives. (action completed before other action in future)

 

3. This tense is used to express an action that is fairly certain to be happening in future -

  e.g.   Next month this flyover will have been completed. (certain to be completed at a time in future)

 

 4. It is used for planed future events/decisions -

e.g. They will have left Malaysia next month for their new job in India. (planned event in future)

 My parents will have been shifted to Bangalore by the end of this year. (decided event in future)

 

5. This Tense is used to express the future event in sequence of simple present -

e.g. They shall have left for Jaipur by the time we reach there. (in sequence of simple present)

 

Time Expressions used in this tense

Adverbs/prepositions/phrases used in the tense

by tomorrow           by evening                          by tomorrow this time

already                      till tomorrow morning      by evening

by 9 p.m.                  by this week                       before you reach

by this weekend     by end of this year            by coming Monday

 

Verb Form used in this tense

Basic structure of a sentence in this tense is Subject + will/shall + have + third form of Verb + Object ( S+V+O )

Verb in this tense consists of three elements –

1. Appropriate form of auxiliary ‘will/shall’

2. Base form of ‘have’ - have

3. Third form of main verb (V3) – been, taught, learnt, given, etc.

Will/shall + have	V3 (third form of main verb)
I shall have	completed the story by next week.
The teacher will have	completed Tenses by coming Friday.
She will have	learnt Tenses before the test.
I shall have	left for Agra when you reach my place.
They will have	given their performance by tomorrow this time.

 

 

Uses of Will and shall

 

It does not matter if the subject is singular or plural the formula for the simple  future tense does not change-

 

We generally use will with I, you ,they, we, he, she and it .

We use shall with I and we.

 

Uses of ‘Will’ :

 

1. when we decide to do something at the time of speaking -

 

Examples:

I will have a glass of orange juice.

She will lie down for some time as she is tired.

 

3. to express the views  of the speaker

 

Examples:

I will consult a specialist for my eye problem.

I will not go for a walk as it is very humid.

 

4. to offer to do something

 

Examples :

I will make a cup of coffee for the guests.

I will pay your telephone bill.

 

5. to request somebody to do something

 

Example:

Will you bring my bag please?

 

6. to promise to do something

 

Example:

I will help you in the Science assignment.

 

Uses of ‘Shall’ :

These days, shall is mainly used to ask questions, to give suggestions or to make offers, seek or offer help.

 

Note : Will is used for certainty and assurance and shall is used for promise and offer of help. Shall is more formal and literary and will is used more commonly and more frequently

Example:

a) Shall I lay the table for dinner? (offer)

b) Shall we take the children to the circus this Sunday? (suggestion)

c) Shall we leave now?( question)

 

Note : Two future tenses can’t be used in a sentence, in case of two clauses, one clause should be in simple present tense while the other in any of the future tenses.

 

MORE EXAMPLES :

They shall have left the city by the time you arrive.

 2. My father will have reached home by evening.

 3. I shall have completed my home work by tomorrow.

 4. My friends will have left for picnic by now.

 5. Will you have learnt all these theorems by the end of this week?

 6. When I get home, my mother will have prepared lunch.